五台山在哪
“五台山位于山西省忻州市，是中国四大佛教名山之首，以浓郁的佛教文化闻名海内外。五台山保存有东亚乃至世界现存最庞大的佛教古建筑群，享有‘佛国’盛誉，五台山由五座台顶组成，珠联璧合地将自然地貌和佛教文化融为一体，典型地将对佛的崇信凝结在对自然山体的崇拜之中，完美体现了中国‘天人合一’的哲学思想，成为持续1600余年的佛教文殊信仰中心——一种独特而富有生命力的组合型文化景观。”这是2009年，五台山作为世界文化遗产中的文化景观类型被列入世界遗产名录时，联合国教科文组织对其作出的评价。
“五台山文化景观”始于东汉，时值佛教刚通过西域传入中国，五台山成为了中国佛教寺庙最早的建造地点之一。由于五台山特殊的地貌，被认作与印度的灵鹫山极相似，大孚灵鹫寺在此建造。从此，五台山成为了中国佛教中心，而大孚灵鹫寺即是今天辉煌依旧的显通寺的前身。南北朝时期，五台山文化景观的发展上到了一个新台阶，以灵鹫寺为中心的寺庙群得到全面扩建与发展。直至隋唐，随着中国佛教的再次盛兴，五台山不仅被认定是文殊菩萨的道场，更被誉为中国佛教四大名山之首，并成为外国佛教徒竞相朝拜之场所。
这2000年间，缭绕在五台山的香火从未真正断过。五台山，见证了佛教从一种来自西域的陌生信仰到中国化、世俗化直至成为中心再度传播出去的演变过程。而那些因佛教信仰而修建于各个朝代、鳞次栉比的寺庙，与遍布各寺的泥塑、雕刻、壁画等，一齐成为了中国古代建筑史与艺术史的最佳范本。
【全文翻译】
“located in xinzhou city of shanxi province and ranking top of the four sacred buddhist mountains, mount wutai is famous all around the world for its rich culture of buddhism. it preserves the ancient buddhism architecture groups of the largest scale in east asia and even the whole world and enjoys the fame of the ‘holy land of buddhism’. consisted of five flat peaks, mount wutai reflects perfectly the fusion between the natural landscape and buddhist culture. by integrating religious belief into the worship for the natural mountain landscape, it is a wonderful testimony of chinese philosophical thinking on the harmony between man and nature. besides, it has been seen as the center for buddhist manjusri worship for over 1,600 years. therefore, it is nominated as an integrated cultural landscape which is unique and full of vitality”. it is the assessment of the unesco on mount wutai when it was included in the list of world cultural heritage as cultural landscape in 2009.
“the cultural landscape of mount wutai” began in eastern han dynasty when buddhism was introduced into china from the western regions. after that, mount wutai became one of the earliest sites for construction of buddhist temples in china. it was considered that in terms of special topography, mount wutai was similar to the vulture peak in india, so dafu vulture temple was built here. since then, mount wutai has become the center of buddhism in china and the dafuvulture temple has developed into the xiantong temple which is still splendid nowadays. during the north and south dynasties, the cultural landscape of mount wutai stepped onto a new stage and the group of temples concentrating on the vulture temple were expanded and developed in an all-round way. with the revival of buddhism in china during the sui and tang dynasties, mount wutai was not only considered as the religious place of manjusri but also reputed as the top one of the four sacred buddhist mountains. buddhists from foreign countries all vied with one another to the mountain for worshiping buddha.
in over 2,000 years, the worship for buddhism with wafting incense in mount wutai has never actually stopped. the mountain has witnessed the evolution process from the introduction of buddhism as a strange belief from the west regions into china, the secularization of buddhism, the development of the mountain into a center of buddhism, and the dissemination of buddhism from the mountain to the outer world again, while row upon row of temples constructed in different dynasties for the belief in buddhism and the large number of clay sculptures, carvings, and murals in these temples have become the best examples of the history of architecture and art in ancient china.
loumey，路美，国内文旅，
